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کتاب خروج

فصل بیستم

احکام ده گانه

(همچنین در تثنیه ۵: ۱ - ۲۱)

۱خدا سخن گفت و این را فرمود:

  • ۲«من خداوند، خدای تو هستم که ترا از مصر که در آنجا در غلامی بسر می بردی بیرون آوردم. ۳خدای دیگر غیر از من نداشته باش.
  • ۴هیچگونه مجسمه یا بتی به شکل آنچه که بالا در آسمان و از آنچه پائین بر روی زمین و آنچه در آب زیر زمین است، برای خود نساز. ۵در برابر آن ها زانو نزن و آن ها را پرستش نکن، زیرا من خداوند، که خدای تو می باشم، خدای غیور و حسود هستم و کسانی را که با من دشمنی کنند، تا نسل سوم و چهارم مجازات می کنم. ۶ولی به کسانی که مرا دوست دارند و از احکام من پیروی می کنند، تا هزار پشت رحمت می کنم.
  • ۷نام خداوند، خدایت را به باطل بر زبان نیاور، زیرا کسیکه از نام خداوند سوء استفاده کند، خداوند او را مجازات می کند.
  • ۸روز سَبَت را به یاد داشته باش و آن را مقدس بدار. ۹شش روز در هفته کار کن، ۱۰ولی در روز هفتم که روز استراحت و روز مخصوص خداوند است، هیچ کار نکن. نه خودت، نه فرزندانت، نه غلامت، نه کنیزت، نه حیواناتت و نه مهمانانت. ۱۱من، خداوند، در شش روز زمین و آسمان و بحرها و هر چه در آن ها است، ساختم و در روز هفتم استراحت کردم. به همین دلیل است که من، خداوند، روز سَبَت را برکت دادم و آنرا مقدس خواندم.
  • ۱۲به پدر و مادرت احترام کن تا در سرزمینی که به تو می دهم عمر طولانی داشته باشی.
  • ۱۳قتل نکن.
  • ۱۴زنا نکن.
  • ۱۵دزدی نکن.
  • ۱۶به کسی شهادت دروغ نده.
  • ۱۷به خانۀ همسایۀ خود طمع نکن. به زن، غلام، کنیز، گاو، الاغ و هر چیزیکه مال همسایه ات می باشد، طمع نکن.»

مردم را ترس فرا می گیرد

(همچنین در تثنیه ۵: ۲۲ - ۳۳)

۱۸وقتی مردم رعد و برق و دودی را که از کوه بر می خاست دیدند و صدای شیپور را شنیدند، از ترس به خود لرزیدند و در فاصلۀ دور ایستادند ۱۹و به موسی گفتند: «اگر تو با ما صحبت کنی ما گوش می دهیم، ولی می ترسیم که اگر خدا با ما حرف بزند، خواهیم مُرد.» ۲۰موسی گفت: «نترسید، زیرا خدا فقط آمده است که شما را امتحان کند تا ترس او پیش روی شما باشد و دیگر گناه نکنید.» ۲۱در حالیکه مردم در فاصلۀ دورتر ایستاده بودند، موسی به تنهائی به ابر غلیظی که خدا در آن بود، نزدیک رفت.

مقررات قربانگاه

۲۲خداوند به موسی امر فرمود: «به بنی اسرائیل چنین بگو: شما دیدید که چگونه از آسمان با شما صحبت کردم. ۲۳پس دیگر برای خود خدایانی از نقره یا طلا نسازید و بجای من آن ها را پرستش نکنید. ۲۴قربانگاهی از خاک برای من بسازید و بالای آن از رمه و گلۀ خود قربانی هائی که کاملاً سوختانده شوند و همچنین هدایای سلامتی تقدیم کنید. در هر جائی که برای عبادت تعیین می کنم قربانگاهی بسازید تا من بیایم و شما را برکت بدهم. ۲۵اگر برای من قربانگاهی از سنگ می سازید آن را از سنگهای تراشیده بنا نکنید. زیرا اگر در آن ابزار به کار رفته باشد، آن قربانگاه برای قربانی مناسب نیست. ۲۶قربانگاهی که برای من می سازید نباید زینه داشته باشد، مبادا وقتی از زینه بالا می روید، عورت شما دیده شود.»

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